Monitoring volcano deformation at La Soufrière, St Vincent during the 2020–21 eruption with insights into its magma plumbing system architecture
Posted on 2023-03-20 - 16:58
Measurements of surface deformation provide valuable insight into sub-volcanic processes operating before, during and after eruptions. Here, we investigate the drivers behind the 2020–21 effusive–explosive episode at La Soufrière volcano in St Vincent using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data between 2018 and 2021, and geodetic modelling. We observe inflation up to six months before the start to the effusive phase, which continued as the dome extruded. Once the eruption transitioned to the explosive phase, the volcano rapidly deflated, the bulk happening within the first three days of explosions. Our analytical modelling distinguishes three pressure source depth ranges contributing to this eruptive episode: 16–20, ~6 and <1 km. Deformation data are therefore in line with a vertically extensive magmatic system being tapped pre- and syn-eruption with interaction between deep and shallow reservoirs by ascending magma batches. The combined use of GPS and InSAR proved to be instrumental for constraining the deformation field active during this eruptive episode. The direction of future geodetic monitoring at La Soufrière should therefore utilize both techniques with a view towards maximizing coverage while making up for shortfalls in station upkeep and variations in satellite overpass regularity.
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Camejo-Harry, Michal; Pascal, Karen; Euillades, Pablo; Grandin, Raphaël; Hamling, Ian; Euillades, Leonardo; et al. (2023). Monitoring volcano deformation at La Soufrière, St Vincent during the 2020–21 eruption with insights into its magma plumbing system architecture. Geological Society of London. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6477358.v1
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AUTHORS (11)
MC
Michal Camejo-Harry
KP
Karen Pascal
PE
Pablo Euillades
RG
Raphaël Grandin
IH
Ian Hamling
LE
Leonardo Euillades
RC
Rodrigo Contreras-Arratia
GR
Graham A. Ryan
JL
Joan L. Latchman
LL
Lloyd Lynch
MJ
Minjeong Jo
CATEGORIES
KEYWORDS
volcano rapidly deflatedvolcanic processes operatingsatellite overpass regularityfirst three daysbulk happening withinascending magma batches16 – 20monitoring volcano deformationdeformation field activefuture geodetic monitoringla soufrière volcanola soufrièregeodetic modellingdeformation datatapped prestation upkeepst vincentsix monthsshallow reservoirsobserve inflationexplosive phaseeruptive episodeeffusive phasedrivers behinddome extrudedcombined use1 km